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gravity-assist transfer

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  • Gravity assist — In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist or swing by is the use of the relative movement and gravity of a planet or other celestial body to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically in… …   Wikipedia

  • Gravity turn — A gravity turn or zero lift turn is a maneuver (see trajectory optimization) used in launching a spacecraft into, or descending from, an orbit around a celestial body such as a planet or a moon. This launch trajectory offers two main advantages… …   Wikipedia

  • Orbital mechanics — A satellite orbiting the earth has a tangential velocity and an inward acceleration. Orbital mechanics or astrodynamics is the application of ballistics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of rockets and other… …   Wikipedia

  • Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …   Universalium

  • List of Solar System probes — For a list of active probes only, see List of active Solar System probes. For a list of landers only, see Landings on other planets. This is a list of all space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed),… …   Wikipedia

  • Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics       Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity.       Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …   Universalium

  • Delta-v budget — (or velocity change budget) is an astrogation term used in astrodynamics and aerospace industry for total delta v (or total velocity change) requirements for the various propulsive tasks and orbital maneuvers over phases of a space mission.… …   Wikipedia

  • Spacecraft propulsion — A remote camera captures a close up view of a Space Shuttle Main Engine during a test firing at the John C. Stennis Space Center in Hancock County, Mississippi Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial… …   Wikipedia

  • Specific orbital energy — In the gravitational two body problem, the specific orbital energy (or vis viva energy) of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their mutual potential energy ( ) and their total kinetic energy ( ), divided by the reduced mass. According to… …   Wikipedia

  • MESSENGER — This article is about the NASA space mission. For other uses, see Messenger. MESSENGER Artist s rendering of MESSENGER orbiting Mercury. Operator NASA / APL Major contractors APL …   Wikipedia

  • Oberth effect — In astronautics, the Oberth effect is where the use of a rocket engine when travelling at high speed generates much more useful energy than one at low speed. Oberth effect occurs because the propellant has more usable energy (due to its kinetic… …   Wikipedia

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